Music Appreciation
A universal language for all ages
音樂欣賞經驗分享(Chinese)
Traditional Musical Instruments
傳統樂器示範

From the National Association for the Education of Young Children
Copyright c 1997 by National Association for the Education of Young Children. Reproduction of this material is freely granted, provided credit is given to the National Association for the Education of Young Children.

Children are natural musicians, and exposure to music during the early years enhances the learning process by promoting language development, creativity, coordination, and social interaction. Caregivers can play an important role in incorporating music and movement into a child*s life.

It isn*t necessary to play an instrument well or sing in tune to help young children appreciate musical sounds, and they should not be encumbered with the need to meet performance goals. In fact, music play (whether recorded or live) can be an enjoyable, developmentally appropriate activity regardless of musical aptitude.

Music for Infants and Toddlers
I can listen to music
Music can contribute to a soothing environment for infants and toddlers and they soon begin to sort out musical sounds from other sounds. Caregivers can nurture a disposition for music in very young children and toddlers by chanting to them; imitating the sounds they make; rocking, patting, and moving along to the beat. Respectful planning is sensitive to children*s interests and balances active and quiet music and movement times.

Music and Movement
Music makes me want to move my body
Older preschool children can understand movement as a form of nonverbal communication as they begin to tell stories and express their feelings through body movements. They learn to imitate patterns of sound and rhythm and become aware of music in nature, for example whistling wind, chirping birds and crickets.

Once children start to use their voices to sing, it becomes important for them to listen carefully. At this stage, children enjoy songs that ask them to move and swing around, jump, twist, and clap their hands. Playing "follow-the-leader" allows them to mimic and learn the different ways their bodies can keep time with a song, and use of simple props will help children integrate music with movement -- toys and teddy bears can "dance" too!

Children respond favorably to music that is familiar. Playing a recorded song several times as background music can boost familiarity and build vocabulary as the lyrics are learned. Inventing new verses for familiar songs and spontaneous singing as they play can help children understand that music is a form of creative expression.

Making Music
I can create pleasant sounds
Musical instruments fascinate young children. Infants should be encouraged to make their own music by experimenting with rattles and bells. Drums, xylophones, and shakers can be enjoyed as children grow older and develop better motor skills. Instruments can also be created by using blocks, spoons, pots and pans, empty margarine tubs, and coffee cans.

It*s important to expose children to diverse types and styles of music. Expanding children*s horizons by offering a variety of music from other lands and ethnic groups is one useful way of accomplishing the goals of a multicultural education.

If given the opportunity, young children quickly realize that music communicates a variety of things, including feelings and ideas. They should feel free to explore and enjoy a wide variety of musical sounds and the body movements that music evokes. Whether singing and dancing to an old Beatles record, or playing a makeshift drum set, early exposure to music plays a fundamental role in a child*s development.

音樂欣賞經驗分享：

平時培養欣賞音樂的嗜好
聆聽古典音樂電台
加拿大廣播電台CBC Classical http://www.cbc.ca/radio/
台北愛樂電台古典音樂 http://www.e-classical.com.tw/voice/radio/index.html
奇美古典音樂網 http://hichannel.hinet.net/radio.do?id=294

溫哥華交響樂團(Vancouver Symphony Orchestra)
提前申請學生通行證(Access Pass)，每場音樂會購票僅十元，隨行朋友僅半價
可能挑到好座位。某些特別音樂會例外，票價沒有優待。

溫哥華交響樂團(VSO)的道明銀行溫哥華交響樂團學生特惠專案(TD Canada Trust VSO Access Pass)，預計將有超過三千名學生因此受惠。年特惠專案包括：學生將以10元價格訂購VSO於當年7月份至隔年6月份，有近一百場音樂會門票，但特殊音樂會不包括在內；座位足夠情況下，VSO將提供A段座位區供學生欣賞；學生可攜帶一名非學生友人共同欣賞，享有成人票半價優惠。

VSO是溫哥華的交響樂團，每一季都會出一份演奏節目表，也會與一些音樂人合作充當伴奏或協奏。他們最常在Orpheum Theatre和Chan Centre 表演，最棒的是，學生只要在網路上申請VSO Access Pass，他們就會把pass寄到你住處，而只要拿著它和學生證買票，就可以用加幣十元的票價買到很好的位子。

讓學生聆聽現場音樂演奏，希望他們培養出興趣後，能成為VSO的固定觀眾群。凡是在任何教育機構(包括中小學)就讀的全職學生，都有資格享受學生票優惠，詳情致電604-876-3434查詢，
網址： http://www.vancouversymphony.ca/accesspass 。

Traditional Musical Instruments
傳統樂器示範
http://www.larkinam.com/MenComNet/Business/Retail/Larknet/china
http://www.chineseculture.net/guqin/instruments/
http://www.chcp.org/music/Vmusic.html
http://www.paulnoll.com/China-musical-instruments.html
http://chinesemusic.net/book_instruments.asp
傳統音樂欣賞
music pieces http://pasture.ecn.purdue.edu/~agenhtml/agenmc/china/cmusic.html

Chinese music is built on a totally consistent harmonic system which controls melodic progression, orchestration, and temperament use. It is perhaps the only major musical system in the world that has such all-encompassing requirements on all aspects of its music, and at the same time allowing the largest flexibility in the acceptance of harmonic intervals into music.

In the 1960s and the early 1970s, through the work of the Chinese Music Society of North America, we discovered the cyclical harmonic skeletons known as zhi, shang, yu, jue, gong in the Chinese harmonic system. Before this work, those terms were for a long time referred to as scale steps. This set of harmonic skeletons is self generating, always in tune without equalizing temperaments because its system does not believe in the twelve tones alone. The same harmonic intervals which are the basis of the Chinese harmonic system were found to appear prominently in the design of the overtone structure of the ancient dual-pitched bronze zhong bell s (see Shen, 1987).

The same harmonic intervals are completely utilized in the design of Chinese silk and bamboo musical instruments, and in particular, is the basis for string tuning on the qin, the sanxian, the zheng, the pipa, the erhu, the tuoyin erhu, the matouqin, the zhuihu, the jinghu, the banhu, the liuqin, and the ruan family.